Egypt protests enter third week

Egyptian protesters massed in Cairo’s Tahrir Square Tuesday amid calls for renewed nationwide street action to mark two weeks of anti-government rallies that have rattled the regime.
Several thousand were already occupying the square — the focal point of protests calling for the end of President Hosni Mubarak’s 30-year rule — sleeping under tents or rolled up in blankets at the foot of army tanks.
A massive banner that reads “The people want the end of the regime” hangs over Tahrir, but the 82-year-old president has ploughed on regardless, reshuffling his cabinet and
offering reform but refusing to step down.
“Patriotic songs about the country used to sound exaggerated, but we own the country now,” said 34-year-old doctor Issam Shebana, who came back from Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates to man a makeshift clinic in the square.
“Yesterday, one man in his 60s said: ‘We were cowards. We kept quiet all these years, but you’ve done it.’ It’s inspiring. It’s a rebirth,” he said. “I never thought I’d sleep on asphalt with rain on my face and feel happy.”
The Internet has become a mobilising force for the protests and on its website one group, the “April 6 Movement”, called for mass demonstrations later in the day, saying: “No one can stop us from continuing, for our country.”
On Monday, Mubarak tried to buy time, pledging to raise public sector wages by 15 percent and ordering a probe into the recent deadly violence that has left at least 300 dead in the course of 15 days of protest.
The veteran leader met his new-look cabinet for the first time on Monday as the regime battled to get the economy moving despite ongoing demonstrations by pro-democracy activists occupying the Cairo square since January 25.
According to the official MENA news agency, the cabinet approved a plan to increase state sector salaries by 15 percent from April and to spend another 6.5 billion Egyptian pounds ($940 million) boosting pensions.
Mubarak also pledged to launch an “independent” investigation into deadly violence between his supporters and demonstrators Wednesday at Tahrir Square that left 11 dead and nearly 1,000 injured, according to official estimates.
The president “has given instructions for the creation of a… transparent, independent and impartial investigatory commission,” MENA reported.
The commission will investigate “the terrible and unacceptable violations that made some protesters innocent victims”, it said.
The pay hike might reassure Mubarak’s partisans in Egypt’s large bureaucracy and security forces, but there was no sign that the demonstrators were ready to cede ground.
Campaigners sat under the tracks of army tanks deployed around the square. Activists also kept up the pressure by barring access to the Mugamma, the heart of Egypt’s bureaucracy, which dominates the square.
The United States, meanwhile, urged Egypt to uphold existing treaties, in apparent reference to the country’s peace agreement with Israel.
Washington “will be a partner” to an Egyptian government that “will uphold the treaties and obligations” by which Cairo is presently bound, US President Barack Obama’s spokesman Robert Gibbs said.
Egypt has played a key role in the Middle East peace process, becoming the first Arab country to officially recognise Israel with a peace treaty in 1979.
In other government moves to revive economic life, the nightly curfew in three cities including Cairo was pushed back to 8:00 pm (1800 GMT) until 6:00 am, and the stock exchange said it would reopen on Sunday.
The Cairo bourse closed down 10 percent on January 27, after 70 billion Egyptian pounds (12 billion dollars) was wiped off shares over two days.
On Sunday, Vice President Omar Suleiman — Mubarak’s key lieutenant and possible successor — tried to appease demonstrators by inviting several opposition groups to join him on a panel to pilot democratic reform.
The government said the parties agreed to set up a committee to examine constitutional amendments by March, while an office would look at complaints over the treatment of political prisoners and loosen media curbs.
But Suleiman refused another key demand of the opposition, saying he would not assume Mubarak’s powers and rule in his place during the transition.
Opposition parties, including the powerful Muslim Brotherhood, have since repeated their demand that Mubarak himself must stand down or immediately delegate his powers to Suleiman.
German magazine Der Spiegel reported Monday that preparations were under way for Mubarak to possibly visit Germany, where he underwent gall bladder surgery last March, for an “extended medical check-up.”
“Preliminary talks with appropriate hospitals are ongoing,” it said. AFP was unable to confirm the report.
While Mubarak has said he is “fed up” with leadership, he has said he must stay on until September’s presidential election in order to ensure stability.